Use of combined estrogen-androgen preparations in the postmenopause: evidence from clinical studies

This article reviews the effects, on clinical symptoms, such as energy level and aspects of sexual functioning in postmenopausal women, of adding testosterone to an estrogen replacement regimen. The efficacy of combined estrogen-androgen preparations on bone density and lipoprotein lipid metabolism is also reviewed. Clinical recommendations for use of combined therapy are described with respect to specific symptoms.