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Updated: Aug 13, 2026
Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
Published on: February 7, 2014
A double-blind, placebo controlled study of postmenopausal oestrogen replacement therapy and carotid artery
Objective:
To determine whether postmenopausal oestrogen replacement therapy affects carotid artery pulsatility index.
Design:
A prospective double-blind placebo controlled trial.
Setting:
University associated teaching hospital.
Participants:
Twenty-eight postmenopausal women who were more than 12 months postmenopausal and who had not taken exogenous oestrogen.
Interventions:
Independent randomisation to receive oral oestradiol (2 mg daily) or placebo for 20 to 24 weeks.
Main Outcome Measures:
Internal carotid artery Doppler pulsatility index, measured within one centimetre of the carotid bifurcation.
Results:
Replicate data were available from 27 women. The mean pulsatility index decreased by -0.11 in 15 women receiving oestradiol, compared with a mean rise of 0.05 in the 12 women who received placebo (P = 0.006, 95% CI for treatment difference 0.06-0.31).
Conclusions:
Oestrogen replacement decreases postmenopausal carotid artery pulsatility index, probably reflecting decreased peripheral vascular resistance. This is a further mechanism whereby hormone replacement therapy may impart cardiovascular protection.
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