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Carbohydrate malabsorption following acarbose administration

H Sobajima1, M Mori, T Niwa

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki-city, Gifu Prefecture, Japan.

Diabetic Medicine : a Journal of the British Diabetic Association
|June 3, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Acarbose reduces carbohydrate malabsorption in a dose-dependent manner. Continued use of acarbose decreased malabsorption in diabetic patients, maintaining stable glycemic control.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor used to manage type 2 diabetes.
  • Understanding its effects on carbohydrate absorption is crucial for optimizing treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of acarbose on carbohydrate absorption in healthy volunteers and patients with type 2 diabetes.
  • To determine the dose-dependency and duration effects of acarbose on carbohydrate malabsorption.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy volunteers received lactulose, and breath hydrogen levels were monitored to assess carbohydrate absorption.
  • Dose-response effects of acarbose were evaluated using Ensure Liquid in healthy subjects.
  • Type 2 diabetes patients were assessed for breath hydrogen excretion and HbA1c levels before and after acarbose administration over several months.

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Main Results:

  • Acarbose administration led to increased unabsorbed carbohydrate in a dose-dependent manner (50mg and 100mg doses).
  • In diabetic patients, acarbose significantly reduced carbohydrate malabsorption by 31.6% after 2 months.
  • Despite reduced malabsorption, HbA1c levels remained stable in diabetic patients after 5 months of acarbose treatment.

Conclusions:

  • The degree of carbohydrate malabsorption induced by acarbose is influenced by both the drug dosage and the carbohydrate load.
  • Sustained acarbose administration effectively reduces carbohydrate malabsorption.
  • Acarbose treatment aids in maintaining glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.