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Two-photon photodynamic therapy

J D Bhawalkar1, N D Kumar, C F Zhao

  • 1Department of Chemistry State University of New York at Buffalo, NY 14260-3000, USA.

Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine & Surgery
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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This study shows infrared light can activate new dyes for photodynamic therapy. These dyes act as photon harvesters, transferring energy to photosensitizers to generate singlet oxygen for cancer treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Photochemistry

Background:

  • Photodynamic therapy (PDT) typically uses visible light, limiting its penetration depth.
  • Two-photon absorption (TPA) allows excitation with longer wavelengths, enabling deeper tissue penetration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the use of infrared (IR) excitation with a two-photon absorbing dye and a photosensitizer for enhanced photodynamic therapy.
  • To develop a novel approach for PDT utilizing novel organic molecules with strong TPA properties.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a newly synthesized two-photon absorbing dye (APSS) with strong TPA at 800 nm.
  • Employed infrared (800 nm) pulsed laser excitation.
  • Chemically detected singlet oxygen generation using 9,10-anthracenedipropionic acid (ADPA).

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Main Results:

  • The synthesized dye APSS demonstrated strong two-photon absorption at 800 nm and upconverted fluorescence at 520 nm.
  • Infrared excitation of APSS in the presence of a photosensitizer successfully generated singlet oxygen.
  • The energy transfer mechanism from the TPA dye to the photosensitizer was confirmed.

Conclusions:

  • Efficient two-photon absorption by novel chromophores enables PDT in the near-infrared spectral region.
  • Chromophores can function as 'photon harvesters,' absorbing IR light and transferring energy to photosensitizers.
  • This approach extends PDT capabilities for deeper tissue treatment and potentially improved cancer therapy.