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CD44 expression in normal, hyperplastic, and malignant endometrium

M Saegusa1, M Hashimura, I Okayasu

  • 1Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.

The Journal of Pathology
|June 6, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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CD44 standard and variant isoforms are highly expressed in normal endometrium during the secretory phase. Aberrant CD44 expression in endometrial carcinoma may aid early diagnosis but does not predict tumor progression.

Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Pathology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Biomarkers

Background:

  • CD44 is a cell surface glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion and signaling.
  • CD44 exists in standard and variant forms, with differential roles in cancer.
  • Endometrial carcinoma is a common gynecologic malignancy with varying prognostic factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression of CD44 standard and variant isoforms in normal endometrium, hyperplasia, and endometrial carcinoma.
  • To correlate CD44 expression with menstrual cycle phases and hormonal receptor status.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of CD44 in endometrial pathology.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry was used to assess CD44 protein expression in 140 endometrial carcinomas, 72 hyperplasias, and 141 normal endometria.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Southern blot hybridization (SBH) were employed to quantify CD44 mRNA levels in 27 endometrial carcinomas.
  • Expression levels were compared with prognostic factors and hormonal receptor status.

    • Main Results:

    • CD44 standard and variant isoforms showed significantly higher expression in the secretory phase of normal endometrium compared to the proliferative phase.
    • Immunoreactivity scores for CD44 were inversely correlated with estrogen and progesterone receptor levels in normal endometrium.
    • Endometrial carcinomas exhibited elevated CD44 expression compared to proliferative endometrium and hyperplasia, but this did not correlate with prognostic factors.

    Conclusions:

    • CD44 expression in normal endometrium is linked to secretory differentiation and hormonal status.
    • Aberrant CD44 expression may serve as a potential biomarker for early endometrial carcinoma detection.
    • CD44 expression levels are not associated with tumor progression or prognostic factors in endometrial carcinoma.