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Should we aim at tissue renin-angiotensin systems?
J F Smits1, R C Passier, M J Daemen
1Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Universiteit Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
Recent developments in our knowledge of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) necessitate an update of the classical view on this system. These developments pertain to the pathways leading to formation of angiotensin II and other active metabolites, their receptors, biological functions and the presence of renin-angiotensin systems in tissues. The implications of the above new developments for the current interest in tissue renin-angiotensin systems as potential targets for drug therapy in cardiovascular disease are discussed in this review.
Insights
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has new findings regarding angiotensin II formation, receptors, and tissue functions. This review updates the classical RAS view and discusses its potential as a drug target for cardiovascular diseases.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Science
- Endocrinology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- The classical view of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is being challenged by recent scientific discoveries.
- Understanding the RAS is crucial for managing cardiovascular diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated perspective on the renin-angiotensin system.
- To discuss the implications of new RAS knowledge for drug development in cardiovascular disease.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent developments in RAS research.
- Analysis of novel findings on angiotensin II formation and metabolism.
- Examination of tissue-specific RAS components and functions.
Main Results:
- New pathways for angiotensin II formation and active metabolites have been identified.
- The diversity of RAS receptors and their biological functions are better understood.
- Renin-angiotensin systems are present in various tissues beyond the classical understanding.
Conclusions:
- The classical RAS model requires significant updates based on recent findings.
- Tissue-specific RAS components represent promising targets for novel cardiovascular therapies.
- Further research into tissue RAS is essential for advancing cardiovascular drug discovery.