Adult presentation of unusual diaphragmatic hernias

The vast majority of diaphragmatic hernias occurring in adults are either standard hiatal hernias or those presenting acutely due to traumatic disruption of the diaphragm. The remaining small fraction represent unusual cases such as congenital hernias (Morgagni or Bochdalek) presenting in adulthood or traumatic hernias presenting months to years after the traumatic (or surgical) event. The recognition and management of these rare cases are discussed.