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Acute coeliac artery occlusion: initial collateral blood flow from the superior mesenteric artery. An experimental
Insights
Collateral blood flow from the superior mesenteric artery following coeliac axis occlusion in dogs was insufficient. Despite increasing over three hours, initial flow changes led to ischemic damage in some animals.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Gastrointestinal Physiology
- Animal Research
Background:
- Acute coeliac axis occlusion can compromise visceral organ perfusion.
- Understanding collateral circulation is vital for managing mesenteric ischemia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify collateral blood flow from the superior mesenteric artery after acute coeliac axis occlusion in a canine model.
- To assess the adequacy of collateral circulation in preventing ischemic injury.
Main Methods:
- Acute occlusion of the coeliac axis was induced in canine subjects.
- Collateral blood flow was measured from the superior mesenteric artery.
- Blood pressure in the coeliac artery was monitored throughout the three-hour observation period.
Main Results:
- Immediately after occlusion, collateral flow was approximately 30% of the original coeliac blood flow.
- Over three hours, collateral flow increased to about 50% of the original flow.
- Coeliac artery blood pressure rose from a mean of 20 mmHg to 35 mmHg.
- Despite the increase, initial collateral flow was insufficient, leading to ischemic changes and necrosis in some organs (liver, stomach).
Conclusions:
- Collateral blood flow from the superior mesenteric artery following acute coeliac axis occlusion is initially inadequate.
- The observed collateral flow increase over time did not fully compensate for the acute occlusion.
- These findings highlight the risk of visceral organ ischemia and necrosis even after short-term coeliac axis occlusion.
Abstract:
The collateral blood flow from the superior mesenteric artery after acute occlusion of the coeliac truck was measured in experiments in dogs. Immediately after clamping of the coeliac axis the collateral flow was about 30 % of the original coeliac blood flow. During an observation time of three hours the collateral flow increased, the corresponding value at the end of experiment being about 50 %. At the same time the blood pressure in the coeliac artery rose from a mean value of 20 mmHg to 35 mmHg. The initial collateral blood flow was evidently not sufficient, since after this short occlusion period ischaemic changes, even necrosis, were observed in the liver and stomach in some of the test animals.