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Related Experiment Videos

The thyrotropin receptor in thyroid eye disease

M Ludgate1, M Crisp, C Lane

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom.

Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
|June 12, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid eye disease (TED) may be initiated by an autoimmune response targeting the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) in orbital fat. This research suggests preadipocytes express TSHR, potentially driving TED pathogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Thyroid eye disease (TED) is autoimmune, but the specific autoantigen is unknown.
  • The thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) is a candidate autoantigen, targeted in Graves' disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate TSHR expression in orbital tissue and its role in TED pathogenesis.
  • To determine if an autoimmune response to TSHR can induce TED-like pathology.

Main Methods:

  • Northern blot and immunohistochemistry to detect TSHR transcripts and protein in orbital adipose tissue.
  • Animal studies involving T cell priming to human TSHR and induction of autoimmune responses.

Main Results:

  • TSHR transcripts and protein were found in orbital adipose tissue of TED patients, associated with fibroblast-like cells.

Related Experiment Videos

  • T cell responses to TSHR induced thyroiditis and orbital pathology (edema, inflammation, adipose accumulation) in BALBc mice (Th2 response).

    • Conclusions:

    • Preadipocytes express TSHR, suggesting they are involved in TED.
    • A Th2 autoimmune response directed at TSHR may initiate thyroid eye disease.