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Carbon nanotube quantum resistors

Frank1, Poncharal, Wang

  • 1S. Frank, P. Poncharal, W. A. de Heer, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332, USA. Z. L. Wang, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 20, 1998
PubMed
Summary

The conductance of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) exhibits quantized behavior, conducting current ballistically without heat dissipation. These stable nanotubes demonstrate exceptionally high current densities, paving the way for advanced electronic applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Quantized conductance is a phenomenon observed in nanoscale conductors.
  • Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) are promising materials for electronic devices due to their unique properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and confirm the quantized conductance of multiwalled carbon nanotubes.
  • To explore the potential of MWNTs as stable, high-performance room-temperature quantum conductors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a scanning probe microscope with a nanotube fiber tip to establish gentle electrical contact with MWNTs in liquid metal.
  • Measured the electrical conductance of individual MWNTs.

Main Results:

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  • Demonstrated that the conductance of MWNTs is quantized to one unit of the conductance quantum (G0 = 2e²/h).
  • Observed ballistic current conduction and negligible heat dissipation in the nanotubes.
  • Achieved extremely high and stable current densities (J > 10⁷ A/cm²) in MWNTs.
  • Highlighted the superior size and stability of MWNTs compared to other room-temperature quantum conductors.

    • Conclusions:

    • Multiwalled carbon nanotubes exhibit quantized conductance, behaving as ideal quantum conductors.
    • The stability and high current-carrying capacity of MWNTs make them suitable for advanced electronic applications.