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Changes in sputum composition between two inductions performed on consecutive days

O Holz1, K Richter, R A Jörres

  • 1Zentrum für Pneumologie und Thoraxchirurgie, Grosshansdorf, Germany.

Thorax
|June 13, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Repeated sputum induction, a method for airway sample collection, alters sputum composition within 24 hours. This finding is crucial for interpreting results from serial induced sputum analyses in respiratory research.

Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Pulmonology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Sputum induction is a non-invasive technique for airway cellular and biochemical analysis.
  • Its suitability for repeated testing is established, but the impact of repeated inductions on sputum composition remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare induced sputum results from two separate inductions performed 24 hours apart.
  • To determine if the sputum induction procedure itself alters sputum composition.

Main Methods:

  • Ten subjects with mild asthma and 19 healthy subjects underwent sputum induction using hypertonic saline.
  • Sputum samples were collected during three consecutive 10-minute inhalation periods and analyzed separately.
  • Pooled values were calculated considering total cell counts for each inhalation period.

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Main Results:

  • Neutrophil percentages significantly increased from day 1 to day 2 in both healthy and asthmatic subjects.
  • Macrophage percentages decreased, while eosinophil and lymphocyte percentages remained stable between inductions.
  • The observed changes suggest a procedural effect on sputum cellularity.

Conclusions:

  • The sputum induction procedure can induce changes in sputum composition within 24 hours.
  • These findings necessitate careful consideration when interpreting data from repeated sputum induction studies.
  • The study highlights the importance of accounting for procedural effects in serial airway sampling.