[Classification of neurons of the cat neocortex]

Different forms of neurons of the temporal cortex of the adult cat were studied in frontal and sagittal sections by the Golgi method in the author's modification. It was shown that the 2nd type Golgi cells (spider neurons, basket cells, spindle stellate cells with two bunches of processes, stellate cells with radial processes, Martinotti's cells) are characterized by local restruction of their processes and differ from one another in the specificity of axonal aborizations. The comparison of axonal systems of the pyramidal and above forms of the 2nd type Golgi cells has shown the set of collaterals of one pyramidal cell to consist of fragments of axonal branching of different forms of short-axon neurons. On the basis of the data obtained the pyramidal neuron is considered as a universal type of cell. The structural features of its receptive surface sustain the converging on it of a wide range of polymodal signals, the difference in the quality of presynaptic structures being responsible for the plasticity of a functional change of its integrative activity.