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Gastroesophageal reflux in children

V M Tsou1, P R Bishop

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia, USA.

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|June 18, 1998
PubMed

Insights

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in children often resolves spontaneously. However, some cases may progress, requiring diagnostic evaluation and tailored treatment strategies beyond simple observation.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Infant Health
  • Digestive Disorders

Background:

  • Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is prevalent in infants and children.
  • Many cases of functional GER resolve without intervention.
  • A subset of children develop pathogenic GER requiring medical attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate functional GER from pathogenic GER in pediatric populations.
  • To outline diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for pediatric GER.
  • To provide guidance on managing persistent or severe cases of GER.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic modalities for quantifying GER severity.
  • Evaluation of treatment algorithms for pediatric GER.
  • Assessment of conservative, pharmacologic, and surgical interventions.

Main Results:

  • Functional GER in children generally does not necessitate diagnostic testing or pharmacologic treatment.
  • Diagnostic tests are available to assess the extent of pathogenic GER.
  • Treatment escalates from conservative measures to acid suppression, motility agents, and potentially surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Distinguishing functional from pathogenic GER is crucial for appropriate management in children.
  • A stepwise approach to treatment, starting conservatively and escalating as needed, is effective.
  • Surgical intervention is reserved for cases unresponsive to comprehensive medical management.

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