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Hearing aid electromagnetic interference from digital wireless telephones

M Skopec1

  • 1Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.

IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering : a Publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
|June 19, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Digital wireless phones can interfere with hearing aids, causing buzzing and static. Behind-the-ear hearing aids are most susceptible, with interference detected up to 3 meters from Global System for Mobile Communications phones.

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Wireless Communications
  • Acoustics

Background:

  • Digital wireless telephones emit electromagnetic interference.
  • Hearing aids, particularly in-the-ear (ITE) and behind-the-ear (BTE) models, can be susceptible to this interference.
  • Understanding the extent of interference is crucial for hearing aid users and manufacturers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the audible interference produced by various digital wireless telephones on ITE and BTE hearing aids.
  • To determine the relationship between interference levels, phone type, and distance.
  • To assess the impact of different wireless technologies (GSM, CDMA, TDMA) on hearing aid performance.

Main Methods:

  • Tested several ITE and BTE hearing aids with five types of digital wireless telephones.
  • Quantified interference sound pressure level (SPL) using a calibrated frequency analyzer and pressure field microphone.
  • Coupled hearing aid output to the microphone via Tygon tubing and a 2 cc coupler.

Main Results:

  • A maximum interference SPL of 122.5 dB was recorded from a BTE hearing aid within 2 cm of a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) phone.
  • Audible interference was detected up to nearly 3 meters from the GSM phone.
  • Interference from Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) phones decreased more rapidly with distance compared to Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) phones.

Conclusions:

  • Digital wireless phones can cause significant audible interference in hearing aids.
  • Behind-the-ear hearing aids are particularly vulnerable, with interference extending several meters.
  • Interference characteristics vary between different wireless phone technologies (GSM, CDMA, TDMA).