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Bone maintenance 5 to 10 years after sinus grafting
M S Block1, J N Kent, F U Kallukaran
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, LSU School of Dentistry, New Orleans 70119, USA.
Summary
Autogenous bone grafts in maxillary sinuses maintain bone levels around dental implants. Using autogenous bone alone showed better results than when combined with demineralized bone, though the difference may not be clinically significant.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Dental Implantology
- Bone Grafting
Background:
- Maxillary sinus augmentation is a common procedure for dental implant placement.
- Hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated implants are frequently used in these reconstructions.
- Evaluating bone maintenance around implants in grafted sinuses is crucial for long-term success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To radiographically assess bone levels around HA-coated dental implants placed in bone-grafted maxillary sinuses.
- To compare bone regeneration with different types of bone grafts used in sinus augmentation.
Main Methods:
- Radiographic analysis (complex motion tomograms) of 16 patients with 27 maxillary sinus grafts.
- Grafts included various combinations of autogenous iliac bone, demineralized bone, and jaw bone.
- Bone levels were measured from the sinus floor to implant apex and alveolar crest post-restoration (5-10 years).
Main Results:
- Average bone height from graft to implant apex was 3.3 mm; from graft to alveolar crest was 17.6 mm.
- Higher average bone levels were observed with autogenous iliac bone compared to those combined with demineralized bone.
Conclusions:
- Autogenous bone grafts are stable in the maxillary sinus.
- Autogenous bone alone appears to yield better bone maintenance than when combined with demineralized bone.
- The clinical significance of adding demineralized bone may be limited.