In vitro wound repair by human gastric fibroblasts: implications for ulcer healing

Fibroblasts modulate epithelial biological activities and play a key role in the ulcer healing process. There is no information regarding the biological response of human gastric fibroblasts to regulatory compounds. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of growth factors and prostaglandins on an in vitro model of human gastric fibroblast wound repair. Subconfluent fibroblast cultures were used to study proliferative responses, determined by [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA. In vitro wound repair was determined in confluent fibroblast monolayers after mechanical denudation. The presence of putative growth factors secreted by fibroblasts was studied in conditioned medium by heparin-affinity chromatography and immunodetection with specific antibodies. Serum and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) -BB induced a dramatic increase in both gastric fibroblast proliferation and closure of wounded cell monolayers, whereas these activities were inhibited by both transforming growth factor (TGF) -beta1 and prostaglandin E1. Basal activities in unstimulated gastric fibroblasts were lower than those obtained in skin fibroblasts. Conditioned medium stimulated fibroblast proliferation and wound repair activity, which was inhibited by the addition of suramin, and was partially dependent on the presence of PDGF-like factor. PDGF is a major, autocrine promotor of human gastric fibroblast-dependent wound repair activities, which are inhibited by prostaglandins and TGF-beta. These findings might be important for future therapeutic ulcer healing approaches.