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Bacterial resistance: a worldwide problem

R N Jones1, M A Pfaller

  • 1Medical Microbiology Division, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA.

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease
|June 23, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Meropenem offers a potent and broad-spectrum alternative to combat challenging hospital infections caused by resistant bacteria. This new carbapenem shows superior efficacy against various resistant gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens compared to imipenem.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Emerging antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to treating serious infections in hospitalized patients.
  • Traditional chemotherapy is compromised by widespread resistance to existing antimicrobial agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the in vitro potency and spectrum of meropenem against prevalent resistant bacterial pathogens.
  • To compare the efficacy of meropenem with imipenem for treating gram-negative bloodstream infections.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro susceptibility testing of meropenem against 1997 gram-negative bloodstream isolates.
  • Analysis of over 30,000 reported in vitro meropenem results from the US and Europe.
  • Comparison of meropenem's in vitro activity against resistant strains versus imipenem, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin.

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Main Results:

  • Meropenem demonstrated a wider spectrum and 2-4 fold greater potency than imipenem against gram-negative isolates, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa (93.4% susceptible to meropenem vs. 84.1% to imipenem).
  • Meropenem inhibited 90.6% of gram-positive cocci and 99.1% of anaerobes at ≤4 μg/ml.
  • Over 90% of ceftazidime-resistant bloodstream infection strains were susceptible to meropenem, exceeding the susceptibility rates of imipenem, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin.

Conclusions:

  • Meropenem exhibits significant in vitro activity against a broad range of clinically relevant resistant bacteria, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producers and resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  • Meropenem represents a potent therapeutic option for serious infections in hospitalized patients, addressing the challenge of emerging antimicrobial resistance.
  • Carbapenems, including meropenem, are poised to play an increasingly vital role in combating difficult-to-treat infections.