Electron beam computed tomography for the diagnosis of cardiac disease

Electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) of the heart is a new modality which will alter the way cardiology is practised. It allows for the detection of early coronary artery disease (CAD) in asymptomatic individuals, regardless of their level of risk as assessed by traditional risk factor analysis. Compared with risk analysis based on risk factors alone, an assessment which also utilises quantitative measurements of coronary artery plaque by EBCT allows for more precise determination of the need for medical therapy. Non-invasive intravenous contrast EBCT coronary angiography can identify significant obstructive CAD, and should reduce the need for conventional coronary angiography. Incorporation of EBCT into routine medical practice is more cost-effective than other modalities currently available. This paper reviews relevant original articles on EBCT and preventive cardiology published in peer-reviewed medical journals, and assesses the implications of EBCT for preventive cardiology.