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Cerebellar arteriovenous malformations in children

P D Griffiths1, S Blaser, D Armstrong

  • 1University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, UK.

Neuroradiology
|June 25, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Cerebellar arteriovenous malformations (AVM) in children often present as ruptured lesions causing hemorrhage, leading to poor outcomes. Associated vascular pathologies like aneurysms and venous obstruction are common, impacting survival rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Vascular Neurosurgery
  • Neuroradiology

Background:

  • Cerebellar arteriovenous malformations (AVM) in children are associated with poor outcomes, even with advanced medical interventions.
  • Hemorrhage from ruptured cerebellar AVMs presents a significant clinical challenge in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, and outcomes of pediatric patients diagnosed with cerebellar AVMs.
  • To identify factors contributing to the poor prognosis in children with cerebellar AVMs.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 18 pediatric patients with cerebellar AVMs.
  • Analysis of clinical data, including presentation, neuroimaging (CT, angiography, MRI), and patient outcomes.
  • Correlation of AVM characteristics and associated vascular pathologies with clinical severity and prognosis.

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Main Results:

  • 17 out of 18 children presented with ruptured cerebellar AVMs, leading to intracranial hemorrhage.
  • High mortality rate observed, with 6 of 17 children dying within 7 days of symptom onset.
  • Associated vascular pathologies, including intranidal and venous aneurysms and venous outflow obstruction, were found in 10 of 14 patients undergoing angiography.
  • Acute hematoma size was a reliable predictor of clinical presentation severity and patient outcome.

Conclusions:

  • Cerebellar AVMs in children frequently present as ruptured lesions with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • The presence of associated vascular pathologies may contribute to the severity and poor outcomes observed in these pediatric cases.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management, considering associated vascular findings and hematoma size, are crucial for improving outcomes in pediatric cerebellar AVMs.