Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 1, 2026
Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
Published on: August 30, 2011
Information-processing characteristics of explicit time estimation by patients with schizophrenia and normal controls
J I Tracy1, C Monaco, H McMichael
1Department of Psychiatry, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences, Medical College of Pennsylvania/Hahnemann University School of Medicine, Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute, Philadelphia 19129, USA. tracy@auhs.edu
Explicit time estimation is not automatic and relies on controlled processes like working memory. Accuracy is influenced by concurrent tasks and individual factors such as age, education, and working memory capacity.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Neuroscience
- Psychopathology
Background:
- Information-processing characteristics of time estimation are not well-documented.
- Explicit time estimation's automaticity and relationship with working memory require investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if explicit time estimation occurs automatically.
- To assess if working memory predicts time estimation accuracy.
- To compare time estimation in healthy controls and schizophrenia patients.
Main Methods:
- Employed two explicit time judgment tasks: interval estimation and production.
- Utilized standard (unfilled interval) and dual-task (filled interval) formats.
- Recruited 43 healthy controls and 19 chronic schizophrenia inpatients.
Main Results:
- Time estimation accuracy was sensitive to concurrent activities (dual-task manipulation) for both groups.
- Accuracy was predictable by age, education, and working memory skills.
- The dual-task effect on time production varied with psychosis.
Conclusions:
- Explicit time judgments do not occur automatically.
- These judgments utilize controlled cognitive processes, notably working memory.
- Working memory plays a crucial role in accurate time estimation.
More Related Videos
13:08Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia
Published on: December 2, 2015
12:00Investigating the Effects of Antipsychotics and Schizotypy on the N400 Using Event-Related Potentials and Semantic Categorization
Published on: November 19, 2014