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[Haloforms in hot spring pools]

L Erdinger1, F Kirsch, A Höppner

  • 1Abteilung Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Hygiene--Institute des Klinikums der Universität Heidelberg. Lothar_Erdinger@krzmail.krz.uni-heidelberg.de

Zentralblatt Fur Hygiene Und Umweltmedizin = International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine
|June 25, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Chloroform, a carcinogenic disinfection byproduct, was studied in spas. Concentrations were found to be relatively low, with a median of 3.8 micrograms/l, suggesting spa use does not significantly increase exposure.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Public Health

Context:

  • Chloroform is a carcinogenic disinfection byproduct found in swimming pools.
  • Spas have higher temperatures and organic load, potentially increasing chloroform formation.
  • Limited data exists on chloroform levels specifically in spa environments.

Purpose:

  • To investigate chloroform concentrations in water samples from indoor public spas.
  • To compare chloroform levels in spas to those in regular swimming pools.
  • To assess the impact of spa operation on chloroform levels and bather uptake.

Summary:

  • Analyzed 21 water samples from indoor public spas for chloroform content.
  • Median chloroform concentration measured at 3.8 micrograms/l, with a maximum of 6.4 micrograms/l.

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  • Average concentration slightly increased post-filtration; spa use did not significantly raise bather uptake.

    • Impact:

    • Provides crucial data on chloroform levels in spa environments.
    • Informs public health assessments regarding disinfection byproducts in recreational water.
    • Contributes to understanding factors influencing chloroform formation and mitigation in spas.