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[Amyl nitrite poisoning]

N K Aagaard1

  • 1Arhus Universitetshospital, Arhus Kommunehospital, medicinsk afdeling V.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|June 26, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Amyl nitrite poisoning caused severe methaemoglobinemia in two patients. Intravenous methylene blue treatment rapidly reversed cyanosis and normalized blood gases, highlighting its efficacy in treating this poisoning.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Amyl nitrite, an alkyl nitrite, is sometimes misused recreationally.
  • Ingestion of alkyl nitrites can lead to toxic effects, including methemoglobinemia.

Observation:

  • Two patients presented with severe cyanosis and chocolate brown arterial blood after ingesting approximately 10 ml of amyl nitrite.
  • Clinical presentation suggested significant methemoglobinemia.

Findings:

  • Intravenous administration of methylene blue was initiated as a treatment.
  • Both patients showed dramatic clinical improvement within one hour of methylene blue treatment.
  • Arterial blood gas samples normalized following treatment.

Implications:

  • Methylene blue is an effective antidote for amyl nitrite-induced methemoglobinemia.
  • Clinicians should consider amyl nitrite poisoning in patients presenting with unexplained cyanosis.