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Related Experiment Videos

Branch migration through DNA sequence heterology

I Biswas1, A Yamamoto, P Hsieh

  • 1Genetics and Biochemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1810, USA.

Journal of Molecular Biology
|June 27, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Genetic recombination involves DNA Holliday junction branch migration. Sequence heterology acts as a barrier, revealing a small step size of 1-2 base pairs per migration step due to thermodynamic instability.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Branch migration of DNA Holliday junctions is crucial for genetic recombination.
  • Sequence heterology significantly impedes Holliday junction branch migration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the step size of DNA Holliday junction branch migration.
  • To elucidate the molecular basis for sequence heterology-induced inhibition of branch migration.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental estimation of branch migration step size using sequence heterology as a barrier.
  • Computer simulations of branch migration through mismatched base pairs.

Main Results:

  • Branch migration step size is small, approximately one to two base pairs per step.

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  • Adjacent sequence heterologies act independently, supporting a small step size.
  • Inhibition of branch migration is primarily due to a thermodynamic barrier from unpaired/mismatched bases.

    • Conclusions:

    • The step size of DNA Holliday junction branch migration is limited to 1-2 base pairs.
    • Thermodynamic instability of heteroduplex DNA is the main cause of inhibition by sequence heterology.