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Diffusion of dextran in concentrated solutions

T C Laurent, L O Sundelöf, K O Wik

    European Journal of Biochemistry
    |September 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A new free-diffusion method accurately measures polymer self-diffusion in concentrated solutions. This technique reveals how flexible polymers move as chains, not spheres, impacting thermodynamic properties.

    Area of Science:

    • Polymer Science
    • Physical Chemistry
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Determining polymer self-diffusion in concentrated solutions is challenging.
    • Understanding polymer dynamics is crucial for material properties and biological processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel free-diffusion method for measuring polymer intradiffusion coefficients in highly concentrated solutions.
    • To investigate the concentration-dependent diffusion behavior of polymers and compare it to other models.

    Main Methods:

    • A free-diffusion technique using a light-absorbing label on a fraction of the polymer.
    • Employing absorption optics in an analytical ultracentrifuge to track labeled polymer diffusion.
    • Extrapolating diffusion coefficients to zero concentration difference to obtain the intradiffusion coefficient.

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    Main Results:

    • The intradiffusion coefficient of dextran decreases with increasing polymer concentration, more significantly for higher molecular weights.
    • Polymer diffusion rates decrease less than sedimentation rates, supporting a chain-like movement model.
    • The method allows estimation of ordinary translational diffusion coefficients.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed method accurately quantifies polymer self-diffusion in concentrated solutions.
    • Findings support the hypothesis that flexible polymers move as chains through networks.
    • This technique enables calculation of thermodynamic properties and is vital for studying concentrated polymer solutions.