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[Pulmonary tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus, presenting multiple nodular shadows]
1Department of Internal Medicine, Kikugawa General Hospital.
Summary
Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (DM) can lead to tuberculosis (TB) reactivation. Effective DM management is crucial for preventing TB onset and worsening in diabetic patients.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Endocrinology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder.
- Uncontrolled DM can impair immune function.
- Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Observation:
- An asymptomatic 52-year-old male with poorly controlled DM presented with abnormal chest X-ray findings.
- Chest imaging revealed multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules.
- Transbronchial biopsy and bronchial wash fluid confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Findings:
- The patient received anti-TB drugs and sulfonylurea with diet therapy.
- Pulmonary nodules resolved with treatment.
- Poorly controlled DM likely impaired host defenses, facilitating bronchogenic dissemination of TB.
Implications:
- Good glycemic control is vital for preventing TB onset and exacerbation in diabetic individuals.
- This case highlights the critical interplay between DM and TB.
- Screening for TB in patients with poorly controlled DM may be warranted.