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Related Experiment Videos

Malaria in Maremma, Italy

M Baldari1, A Tamburro, G Sabatinelli

  • 1Dipartimento Prevenzione, USL 9 di Grosseto, Italy.

Lancet (London, England)
|June 27, 1998
PubMed
Summary

A woman in Italy contracted Plasmodium vivax malaria despite no travel history. Local Anopheles mosquitoes were suspected, and a child carrier was identified, suggesting indigenous transmission of malaria.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Entomology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • A case of Plasmodium vivax malaria occurred in a woman with no travel history to endemic regions.
  • The patient resided in a rural Italian area known to have indigenous Anopheles labranchiae mosquitoes.

Observation:

  • An environmental investigation was conducted within a 3 km radius of the patient's residence.
  • Mosquitoes (adults and larvae) were collected and tested using PCR for Plasmodium circumsporozoite protein.
  • Approximately 200 residents were interviewed to identify potential Plasmodium vivax carriers.

Findings:

  • No malaria parasites were detected in the captured mosquitoes.
  • A 7-year-old girl, recently arrived from India, was found to be a carrier of Plasmodium vivax three months after her illness onset.

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  • The girl and her mother exhibited antimalarial antibodies.

    • Implications:

    • The findings suggest that local Anopheles mosquitoes may have been responsible for transmitting Plasmodium vivax to the index patient.
    • This case highlights the potential for autochthonous malaria transmission in non-endemic regions with competent mosquito vectors.
    • The identification of a persistent carrier underscores the importance of surveillance and early diagnosis in preventing malaria spread.