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Multiple sclerosis and infectious childhood diseases

S Bachmann1, J Kesselring

  • 1Rehabilitation Centre, Valens, Switzerland.

Neuroepidemiology
|July 2, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Infectious diseases in childhood may influence the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). MS patients experienced certain infections like measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella at later ages compared to controls.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease with complex etiology.
  • The role of infectious agents in MS pathogenesis remains an area of active research.
  • Childhood infections are hypothesized to potentially influence MS risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between childhood infectious diseases and the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • To compare the timing of childhood infections in MS patients with a healthy control population.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 606 MS patients in Switzerland.
  • Comparison of infectious disease history in MS patients with epidemiological data from the Swiss normal population.
  • Statistical analysis to determine age at infection and disease prevalence.

Main Results:

  • MS patients, on average, contracted measles at a later age (7.5 years) than controls (6.4 years).
  • Significant shifts towards later ages for mumps, rubella, and varicella infections were observed in MS patients compared to controls.
  • Pertussis (whooping cough) occurred earlier in MS patients (1-9 years) than in controls.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the hypothesis that the risk of developing MS may be linked to the age of acquisition of certain childhood infectious diseases.
  • Later onset of specific infections like mumps, rubella, and varicella might be associated with an increased risk of MS.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these associations.

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