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[Histamine-H2-receptor antagonists. Physiological and clinical aspects]
Fortschritte Der Medizin
|June 17, 1976
Summary
Histamine-H2-receptor antagonists effectively reduce gastric acid secretion, unlike H1-antagonists. Metiamide, an H2-antagonist, shows promise in treating duodenal ulcers.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Histamine plays a role in stimulating gastric acid secretion.
- Conventional antihistamines (H1-antagonists) do not inhibit gastric secretion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of histamine-H2-receptor antagonists on gastric secretion.
- To explore the role of histamine as a common mediator in gastric secretion.
- To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Metiamide in duodenal ulcer treatment.
Main Methods:
- Administration of histamine-H2-receptor antagonists (Burimamide, Metiamide, Cimetidine).
- Stimulation of gastric secretion using various agents (histamine, pentagastrin, insulin, 2-deoxy-glucose, meal).
- Assessment of pancreatic enzyme and bicarbonate secretion.
- Clinical trials comparing Metiamide to placebo for duodenal ulcer therapy.
Main Results:
- Histamine-H2-receptor antagonists inhibit histamine-stimulated gastric secretion in humans and other species.
- H2-antagonists also reduce gastric secretion stimulated by pentagastrin, insulin, 2-deoxy-glucose, and meals.
- Pancreatic enzyme secretion is inhibited by H2-antagonists, but bicarbonate secretion remains unaffected.
- Clinical trials demonstrate Metiamide's superiority over placebo in treating duodenal ulcers.
Conclusions:
- Histamine-H2-receptor antagonists are effective inhibitors of gastric acid secretion.
- Histamine may act as a final common mediator in regulating gastric secretion.
- Metiamide is a potential therapeutic agent for duodenal ulcer disease.