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Related Experiment Videos

DSM-IV hypochondriasis in primary care

J I Escobar1, M Gara, H Waitzkin

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway 08854-5635, USA.

General Hospital Psychiatry
|July 3, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Hypochondriasis affects about 3% of primary care patients, causing more medically unexplained symptoms and physical impairment. This condition is linked to major depressive syndromes but not demographics, differentiating it from somatization disorder.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Primary Care Medicine
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Hypochondriasis is a complex condition often presenting in primary care settings.
  • Understanding its prevalence and associated factors is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment.
  • Previous research has explored its relationship with other disorders, but primary care-specific data is valuable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of hypochondriasis (DSM-IV diagnosis) within a primary care population.
  • To identify correlates of hypochondriasis, including medically unexplained symptoms and functional impairment.
  • To examine the relationship between hypochondriasis and other psychopathologies, particularly mood and anxiety disorders.

Main Methods:

  • A large-scale study involving 1456 primary care users.

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  • Structured interviews were administered to diagnose mood, anxiety, and somatoform disorders.
  • Assessment of disability levels and medically unexplained symptoms (abridged somatization) was conducted.

    • Main Results:

    • The prevalence of hypochondriasis was found to be approximately 3% in the primary care sample.
    • Patients with hypochondriasis exhibited higher levels of medically unexplained symptoms and greater physical functioning impairment.
    • Major depressive syndromes were the most common co-occurring psychopathology among patients with hypochondriasis.

    Conclusions:

    • Hypochondriasis is a relatively uncommon diagnosis in primary care, distinct from somatization disorder.
    • The disorder is closely associated with more severe depressive syndromes.
    • Unlike somatization disorder, hypochondriasis was not found to be related to demographic factors in this study.