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Decompression-induced decrease in nitrogen elimination rate in awake dogs

B G D'Aoust, K H Smith, H T Swanson

    Journal of Applied Physiology
    |September 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Decompression sickness research reveals gas elimination is slower than uptake, challenging current safety assumptions. This study highlights the need for revised decompression models to account for this gas asymmetry.

    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Diving Medicine
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Current decompression procedures rely on unverified assumptions about gas equilibration and ascent criteria.
    • The assumption of equal gas uptake and elimination rates in decompression models has been questioned due to limited supporting data.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the asymmetry between gas saturation and desaturation rates during decompression.
    • To evaluate the impact of decompression-induced physiological changes on decompression sickness.
    • To compare US and UK decompression practices regarding gas asymmetry.

    Main Methods:

    • Measured mixed venous blood nitrogen content ([vN2]) in chronically catheterized, awake dogs during compression and decompression.
    • Analyzed arteriovenous nitrogen concentration differences during desaturation following decompression.

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  • Observed physiological changes associated with decompression sickness.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated significantly slower nitrogen desaturation compared to saturation rates.
    • Showed that decompression itself can induce this desaturation asymmetry.
    • Indicated that cardiopulmonary and cardiovascular changes during decompression can worsen its effects.

    Conclusions:

    • The study confirms a critical asymmetry between gas uptake and elimination rates, contrary to current US practices.
    • Decompression-induced physiological alterations can potentiate decompression sickness.
    • UK decompression models, which account for asymmetry, are more aligned with these findings.