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Twin study of dissociative experience

K L Jang1, J Paris, H Zweig-Frank

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
|July 8, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Genetic factors significantly influence both pathological and nonpathological dissociative experiences, with common genetic influences underlying these traits. These genetic factors also overlap with those contributing to certain personality disorder traits.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Behavioral Genetics

Background:

  • Dissociative experiences, ranging from nonpathological to pathological, are complex phenomena.
  • Understanding the interplay of genetic and environmental factors is crucial for elucidating their etiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the relative contributions of additive genetic and environmental influences on pathological and nonpathological dissociative experiences.
  • To investigate the genetic overlap between dissociative capacity and personality disorder traits.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a classic twin-study design with 177 monozygotic and 152 dizygotic twin pairs.
  • Administered two measures of dissociative capacity derived from the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES).
  • Assessed personality disorder traits using the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ).

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Main Results:

  • Additive genetic influences accounted for 48% and 55% of the variance in pathological and nonpathological dissociative experience scales, respectively.
  • A high genetic correlation (0.91) between pathological and nonpathological dissociative measures suggests shared genetic underpinnings.
  • Significant genetic correlations were observed between DES scales and DAPP-BQ measures of cognitive dysregulation, affective lability, and suspiciousness.

Conclusions:

  • Heritability plays a substantial role in dissociative experiences, independent of gender.
  • Common genetic factors contribute to both pathological and nonpathological dissociative tendencies.
  • Genetic factors influencing specific personality disorder traits are also implicated in the etiology of dissociative capacity.