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Hip biomechanics during gait

D E Krebs1, C E Robbins, L Lavine

  • 1MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA 02114-4719, USA.

The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy
|July 8, 1998
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals highest hip joint stress occurs in late stance, driven by muscle activity. Cane use reduces acetabular pressure and gluteus medius EMG, but not torque, suggesting combined muscle and weight reduction strategies for hip load management.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Orthopedics
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Limited understanding of in vivo hip joint biomechanics during gait.
  • Need for comprehensive data on acetabular contact pressures and hip loading.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present simultaneous in vivo measurements of hip biomechanics during gait.
  • To investigate the effects of cane use on hip loading and muscle activity.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous acquisition of acetabular contact pressures, ground reaction forces, kinematics, hip torques, and electromyographic (EMG) activity.
  • Gait analysis with and without a cane in an 85-year-old male with a hip prosthesis.

Main Results:

  • Highest acetabular contact pressures observed in the posterosuperior region during late stance.
  • Peak pressures correlated with peak EMG, adductor torque, and ground reaction force.
  • Cane use decreased peak acetabular contact pressure and gluteus medius EMG.

Conclusions:

  • Hip loading during gait is significantly influenced by muscle activity.
  • A small area of high stress exists in the hip joint during normal gait.
  • Reducing hip muscle contraction and weight-bearing in late stance may limit hip loads.

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