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Gestational diabetes
B A Sullivan1, S T Henderson, J M Davis
1School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82071-3375, USA. barnone@uwyo.edu
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington, D.C. : 1996)
|July 9, 1998
Summary
Gestational diabetes affects 2-6% of pregnancies. Early detection and management, including nutrition therapy and blood glucose monitoring, are crucial for maternal and infant health.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Endocrinology
- Clinical Pharmacy
Background:
- Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant pregnancy complication.
- It affects 2-6% of pregnancies, posing risks to both mother and infant.
Observation:
- Screening for GDM is recommended at 24-28 weeks gestation for at-risk women.
- Diagnostic criteria involve a 50g oral glucose load followed by a 100g, 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test if screening is positive.
Findings:
- Uncontrolled GDM is linked to infant morbidity, mortality, macrosomia, and cesarean delivery.
- It also indicates a higher future risk of maternal type 2 diabetes.
- Medical nutrition therapy is the primary management strategy, supplemented by self-monitoring of blood glucose.
Implications:
- Insulin is the preferred pharmacotherapy for GDM when nutrition therapy is insufficient.
- Pharmacists play a vital role in educating, monitoring, and supporting GDM patient management.
- Optimizing GDM care through collaborative efforts can improve outcomes.
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