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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

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Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Exploring the Long-Term Health Impacts of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection on Offspring
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Gestational diabetes

B A Sullivan1, S T Henderson, J M Davis

  • 1School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82071-3375, USA. barnone@uwyo.edu

Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington, D.C. : 1996)
|July 9, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gestational diabetes affects 2-6% of pregnancies. Early detection and management, including nutrition therapy and blood glucose monitoring, are crucial for maternal and infant health.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Endocrinology
  • Clinical Pharmacy

Background:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant pregnancy complication.
  • It affects 2-6% of pregnancies, posing risks to both mother and infant.

Observation:

  • Screening for GDM is recommended at 24-28 weeks gestation for at-risk women.
  • Diagnostic criteria involve a 50g oral glucose load followed by a 100g, 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test if screening is positive.

Findings:

  • Uncontrolled GDM is linked to infant morbidity, mortality, macrosomia, and cesarean delivery.
  • It also indicates a higher future risk of maternal type 2 diabetes.
  • Medical nutrition therapy is the primary management strategy, supplemented by self-monitoring of blood glucose.

Implications:

  • Insulin is the preferred pharmacotherapy for GDM when nutrition therapy is insufficient.
  • Pharmacists play a vital role in educating, monitoring, and supporting GDM patient management.
  • Optimizing GDM care through collaborative efforts can improve outcomes.