In vitro and in vivo adhesion in operative dentistry: a review and evaluation

Dentin and enamel bonding agents (DBAs) were introduced in the early 1980s to prevent volumetric shrinkage of composite resins used as restorative materials, to ensure dentin and enamel marginal sealing, and to prevent the dislocation of restorations during occlusal loading of the tooth. Today, DBAs play an important role in cosmetic and aesthetic dentistry and have radically altered the performance of operative dentistry. This article identifies the mechanical and physical properties of DBAs that facilitate the bonding of enamel, dentin, and various other restorations.