Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 3, 2026
08:58
En Face Detection of Nitric Oxide and Superoxide in Endothelial Layer of Intact Arteries
Published on: February 25, 2016
Nitric oxide inhibits peroxide-mediated endothelial toxicity
1Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599, USA.
The Journal of Surgical Research
|July 9, 1998
Summary
Nitric oxide (NO) protects endothelial cells from oxidant damage by reducing lipid peroxidation. This study demonstrates NO
Area of Science:
- Endothelial cell biology
- Oxidative stress research
- Nitric oxide signaling
Background:
- Oxidant molecules and nitric oxide (NO) are implicated in endothelial cell damage.
- The combined effects of oxidants and NO on endothelial cells are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective role of NO against oxidant-induced endothelial cell damage.
- To elucidate the mechanism by which NO exerts its protective effects.
Main Methods:
- Rabbit aortic endothelial cells were treated with NO donor (SNAP) and oxidants (TBH, H2O2).
- Cell viability was assessed using Alamar blue assay.
- Lipid peroxidation was measured using chemiluminescent single-photon counting.
Main Results:
- Both TBH and H2O2 caused concentration-dependent cytotoxicity.
- SNAP significantly reduced oxidant-induced cytotoxicity, indicating a cytoprotective effect of NO.
- SNAP dose-dependently reduced lipid peroxidation.
Conclusions:
- Nitric oxide (NO) is cytoprotective to endothelial cells in the presence of peroxidants.
- NO exerts its protective effect by reducing lipid peroxidation.
Related Concept Videos
02:04Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids
Diols are compounds with two hydroxyl groups. In addition to syn dihydroxylation, diols can also be synthesized through the process of anti dihydroxylation. The process involves treating an alkene with a peroxycarboxylic acid to form an epoxide. Epoxides are highly strained three-membered rings with oxygen and two carbons occupying the corners of an equilateral triangle. This step is followed by ring-opening of the epoxide in the presence of an aqueous acid to give a trans diol.
01:24Peroxisomes
Peroxisomes are specialized organelles present in fungi, plant, and animal cells. It can vary in number, size, morphology, and activity depending on the type of tissue and the nutritional state of the cell. For example, cells with active lipid metabolism, such as adipocytes, neurons, and hepatocytes, have more peroxisomes than other cells in the body. Besides their primary role in breaking down complex organic molecules, peroxisomes can also synthesize specific macromolecules and participate in...
01:17Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones
In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox property is crucial in...
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox property is crucial in...
01:20Radical Autoxidation
The oxidation of an organic compound in the presence of air or oxygen is called autoxidation. For example, cumene reacts with oxygen to form hydroperoxide. Autoxidation involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. Many organic compounds are susceptible to autoxidation—especially ethers in the presence of oxygen, which form hydroperoxides. Even though this reaction is slow, old ether bottles contain small amounts of peroxide, which leads to laboratory explosions during ether...
01:28Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway
Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure to...
01:29Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns
Microorganisms exhibit diverse oxygen requirements and growth patterns driven by their metabolic strategies and environmental adaptations. Oxygen, while essential for many organisms, can also be toxic under certain conditions, shaping how microorganisms grow and survive.Oxygen Requirements of MicroorganismsMicroorganisms are classified based on their ability to use or tolerate oxygen:● Obligate aerobes like Mycobacterium tuberculosis need oxygen for energy production, as it serves as the...