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Immunologic function in horses after non-specific immunostimulant administration

M J Flaminio1, B R Rush, W Shuman

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas state University 66506-5606, USA. flaminio@vet.ksu.edu

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology
|July 10, 1998
PubMed
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Inactivated Propionibacterium acnes enhances immune responses in horses, boosting CD4+ T cells and killing cell activity while reducing lung inflammation. This study highlights its potential as an immunostimulant for equine respiratory health.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Immunology
  • Equine Respiratory Health
  • Immunomodulation

Background:

  • Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is used as a biologic response modifier for non-specific respiratory disease in horses.
  • Understanding its effects on the equine immune system is crucial for optimizing its therapeutic use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the alterations in phagocytic activity, lymphocyte subpopulations, and lymphokine-activated killing (LAK) cell response in horses following P. acnes administration.
  • To evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of P. acnes in healthy young horses.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy young horses were administered P. acnes intravenously.
  • Blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were collected on days 0, 7, and 14.
  • Phagocytic activity, lymphocyte phenotypes (CD4+, CD5+, MHC II), and LAK cell activity were assessed.

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Main Results:

  • P. acnes administration led to increased peripheral blood white cell counts and enhanced CD4+ T lymphocyte populations.
  • Pulmonary leukocytes showed increased proportions of CD4+, CD5+, and MHC II lymphocytes.
  • Nonopsonized phagocytic activity and LAK cell activity were significantly increased in both peripheral blood and BAL fluid.
  • Total BAL fluid cell counts decreased, indicating reduced pulmonary cellularity.

Conclusions:

  • Inactivated P. acnes exhibits immunostimulant and immunomodulatory properties in horses.
  • It enhances key immune cell functions, including T lymphocyte expression and LAK activity, and reduces pulmonary inflammation.
  • These findings support the use of P. acnes as a therapeutic agent for equine respiratory conditions.