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[Changes in posture in whiplash evaluated by static posturography]

P Giacomini1, A Magrini, F Sorace

  • 1Clinica ORL, Università di Roma Tor Vergata.

Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica : Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana Di Otorinolaringologia E Chirurgia Cervico-Facciale
|July 11, 1998
PubMed
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Static posturography reveals distinct postural patterns in whiplash (WL) victims, indicating impaired balance control. These findings suggest cervical proprioceptive changes contribute to chronic postural instability after whiplash injuries.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Neurology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Static posturography analyzes the vestibular-spinal reflex by measuring pressure center changes over time.
  • This technique provides precise data on posture and postural strategies, aiding in the identification of equilibrium problems.
  • Whiplash (WL) injuries can lead to persistent disequilibrium, necessitating investigation into underlying postural patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate posturographic findings in individuals with chronic whiplash-induced disequilibrium.
  • To identify specific postural patterns indicative of the disorder's genesis.
  • To correlate posturographic data with the subjective experience of instability.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty young subjects (28 WL, 22 controls) underwent static posturography with eyes open and closed.

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  • Data were analyzed using statistical software (Windows-SPSS) with T-tests and ANOVA (p < 0.05 significance).
  • Key parameters analyzed included FFTY (oscillation frequency), LFS (length/surface correlation), surface area, and velocity.

    • Main Results:

    • Whiplash subjects exhibited increased antero-posterior oscillation frequency (FFTY) in both eyes-open and eyes-closed tests.
    • A decreased LFS value and increased surface area were observed in WL subjects, particularly with eyes closed.
    • Increased average velocity and standard deviation of velocity were noted in WL subjects with eyes open.

    Conclusions:

    • Whiplash victims demonstrate significant disturbances in their fine postural system, evidenced by increased oscillation and altered parameters.
    • Postural decompensation in WL subjects involves decreased static postural control, increased body sway, and elevated energy expenditure for stability.
    • Cervical proprioceptive alterations are likely a primary factor in the development of chronic postural instability following whiplash.