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Reference values for pulse oximetry at high altitude

M J Gamponia1, H Babaali, F Yugar

  • 1University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department of Family Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA.

Archives of Disease in Childhood
|July 11, 1998
PubMed
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This study establishes normal oxygen saturation (Sao2) reference values for healthy children under 5 living at high altitude, aiding in diagnosing respiratory infections. Younger children showed lower Sao2, indicating physiological adaptation to altitude.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • High-Altitude Physiology
  • Respiratory Health

Background:

  • Accurate reference values for oxygen saturation (Sao2) are crucial for diagnosing acute respiratory infections in children.
  • High-altitude environments present unique physiological challenges impacting oxygenation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish reference oxygen saturation (Sao2) values for healthy children under 5 years old residing at high altitude (4018 m).
  • To provide data supporting the use of pulse oximetry as a diagnostic tool for acute respiratory infections in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 168 healthy children younger than 5 years living at high altitude.
  • Oxygen saturation (Sao2) was measured using pulse oximetry during routine well-child visits.

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  • Physiological state (e.g., sleeping vs. awake) was recorded during measurements.

    • Main Results:

    • The mean Sao2 for healthy children under 5 at high altitude was 87.3% (95% CI: 86.7%-87.9%).
    • A significant difference in Sao2 was noted between children younger than 1 year and older children, which diminished when excluding sleeping subjects.
    • Sleep was associated with a decrease in Sao2.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides essential reference ranges for Sao2 in high-altitude dwelling children, enhancing diagnostic capabilities for respiratory illnesses.
    • Lower Sao2 in younger children suggests physiological acclimatization to high altitude over time.
    • The impact of sleep on Sao2 requires further investigation for clinical significance.