Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Bipolar pacemaker leads: new materials, new technology

J A Schmidt1, L J Stotts

  • 1New Product Research, Sulzer Intermedics, Angleton, TX 77515-2523, USA. johnsch@mails.imed.com

Journal of Investigative Surgery : the Official Journal of the Academy of Surgical Research
|July 11, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Density of states within the bandgap of perovskite thin films studied using the moving grating technique.

The Journal of chemical physics·2022
Same author

Serum concentrations of cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein B in a total of 1694 meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans.

European journal of clinical nutrition·2015
Same author

Plasma concentrations and intakes of amino acids in male meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans: a cross-sectional analysis in the EPIC-Oxford cohort.

European journal of clinical nutrition·2015
Same author

Photodissociation of OCS: deviations between theory and experiment, and the importance of higher order correlation effects.

The Journal of chemical physics·2014
Same author

Baseline patterns of adipose tissue fatty acids and long-term risk of breast cancer: a case-cohort study in the Danish cohort Diet, Cancer and Health.

European journal of clinical nutrition·2014
Same author

Cryopreservation of porcine spermatogonial stem cells by slow-freezing testis tissue in trehalose.

Journal of animal science·2014
Same journal

Associations between Age, Treatment Modality and Survival in Atypical Meningioma: Analysis of the SEER Database, 2000-2021.

Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research·2026
Same journal

The Effect of Moxibustion at the Dazhui Point on Hypothermia and Maternal Comfort During Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research·2026
Same journal

Risk Factors, Cancer Types and Prognostic Significance of Second Primary Cancer After Early-, Intermediate- and Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Study in a Chinese High-Volume Cancer Center.

Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research·2026
Same journal

Intensive Care Unit Admissions Following Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Laparoscopic Repair of Perforated Peptic Ulcer.

Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research·2026
Same journal

Comparison of Transumbilical Single‑Port and Multi‑Port Laparoscopic Myomectomy in Patients with Uterine Fibroids: Effects on Stress Response, Immune Function, and Incision Cosmetic Outcomes.

Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research·2026
Same journal

Correction.

Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research·2026
See all related articles

Polyurethane pacing lead failures are addressed, focusing on environmental stress cracking and metal ion oxidation. New materials virtually eliminate stress cracking, with metal ion oxidation now the primary failure mode.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Medical Device Engineering

Background:

  • Polyurethane pacing leads are susceptible to degradation, impacting device longevity and patient safety.
  • Two primary failure mechanisms, environmental stress cracking and metal ion oxidation, have been identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and supplement existing knowledge on polyurethane pacing lead failure mechanisms.
  • To discuss the implications of environmental stress cracking and metal ion oxidation on lead performance.
  • To introduce and evaluate newer insulating materials for pacing leads.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of polyurethane degradation mechanisms in pacing leads.
  • Analysis of in vivo testing data for stress cracking mitigation strategies.
  • Evaluation of preliminary test results for new pacing lead insulating materials.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Environmental stress cracking is a well-understood failure mode with effective mitigation strategies, virtually eliminating these failures.
  • Metal ion oxidation has emerged as the dominant failure mechanism in current pacing lead recalls.
  • Newer materials like polycarbonate urethanes and ethylenetetrafluoroethylene show promising results in preventing stress cracking.

Conclusions:

  • Advancements in material science have led to significant improvements in pacing lead reliability.
  • The transition to new insulating materials is crucial for addressing current failure modes and enhancing patient safety.
  • Continued research and development are essential for optimizing pacing lead performance and longevity.