Hepatitis among plasma fractionation workers. An industry-wide study

Area of Science:

• Occupational Health
• Virology
• Industrial Hygiene

Background:

• Hepatitis outbreaks were observed among workers in US plasma fractionation facilities during 1973-74.
• Previous studies indicated potential risks associated with plasma handling, but comprehensive industry-wide data was lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis among workers in US plasma fractionation facilities.
• To evaluate the safety protocols and bio-hazard awareness within the plasma fractionation industry.

Main Methods:

• An industry-wide survey and field inspections were conducted across fourteen US plasma fractionation facilities between 1973 and 1974.
• Data collection included assessing employee-product contact, methodologic consistency, safety awareness, and hepatitis surveillance practices.

Main Results:

• Hepatitis was reported at all surveyed facilities, with varying degrees of plasma contact among affected workers.
• Inspections revealed frequent employee-product contact, inconsistent procedural approaches, and low awareness of bio-hazards.
• Significant disparities were noted in hepatitis surveillance and prophylaxis measures across facilities.

Conclusions:

• Plasma fractionation workers face a high risk of hepatitis infection.
• Inconsistent safety practices and inadequate bio-hazard awareness contribute significantly to occupational health risks.
• There is an urgent need for improved safety standards and focused interventions to mitigate health hazards in this industry.