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Driving avoidance and functional impairment in older drivers

K Ball1, C Owsley, B Stalvey

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294-1170, USA. kball@uab.edu

Accident; Analysis and Prevention
|July 15, 1998
PubMed
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Older drivers with visual or cognitive impairments avoid challenging driving situations more often. This self-regulation may help older drivers with impairments and elevated crash risk.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Many older drivers self-regulate by avoiding difficult driving situations.
  • Visual and cognitive impairments are common in older adults and can affect driving ability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the link between visual/cognitive impairments and avoidance of challenging driving situations in older drivers.
  • To understand how self-regulation strategies relate to driving safety in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • 257 older drivers underwent visual sensory and cognitive function tests (including Useful Field of View).
  • Participants completed questionnaires on driving exposure and avoidance of challenging situations.
  • Driving records (at-fault crashes) were analyzed.

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Main Results:

  • Older drivers frequently avoid challenging situations (e.g., rain, night, heavy traffic).
  • Drivers with visual and/or attentional impairments reported greater avoidance.
  • Those with the most significant impairments avoided more situations.
  • Drivers with prior at-fault crashes reported more avoidance.

Conclusions:

  • Objective visual and cognitive impairments are associated with increased avoidance of challenging driving situations in older drivers.
  • Self-regulation through avoidance may play a role in older driver safety.
  • Further research is needed to evaluate self-regulation's benefits, especially for high-risk drivers with impairments.