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Summary
Photogrammetric analysis of monkey endocasts reveals cortical asymmetry in key brain regions. These differences in brain structure may be explained by the expansion of left prefrontal and parietal cortices.
Area of Science:
- Primatology
- Neuroscience
- Paleoanthropology
Background:
- Cortical asymmetry is a hallmark of primate brain evolution.
- Understanding the patterns and drivers of asymmetry is crucial for evolutionary neuroscience.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate patterns of cortical asymmetry in Old World monkeys using photogrammetry.
- To explore potential neuroanatomical correlates of observed asymmetries.
Main Methods:
- Photogrammetric computer analysis of 88 endocasts from 8 genera of Old World monkeys.
- Measurement of specific cortical landmarks including the Sylvian fissure, superior temporal sulcus, and orbital edges.
Main Results:
- Significant cortical asymmetries were detected in multiple brain regions.
- Asymmetries were observed in the lengths of the Sylvian fissure and superior temporal sulcus.
- Variations in the lateral edge of the orbit and the distance between rectus and arcuate sulci were also noted.
Conclusions:
- The observed cortical asymmetries in Old World monkeys suggest lateralization of brain function.
- Hypothesized expansion of left prefrontal and parietal integration cortices may underlie these asymmetries.
- This study provides insights into the evolution of brain structure and function in primates.