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Related Experiment Videos

Cognitive components in perseverative and nonperseverative errors on the object alternation task

F J Bardenhagen1, S C Bowden

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.

Brain and Cognition
|July 17, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Alcohol-dependent individuals

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive neuroscience
  • Neuropsychology
  • Addiction research

Background:

  • Object alternation (OA) task performance is often impaired in alcohol dependence.
  • Previous research suggested impaired response inhibition as the primary cause.
  • The role of cognitive rule acquisition in this deficit remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of task-specific knowledge acquisition in object alternation (OA) task performance in alcohol-dependent individuals.
  • To differentiate the contributions of rule induction versus response inhibition to task errors.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental manipulation of response rule knowledge in 20 alcohol-dependent men and 20 controls.
  • Assessment of perseverative and nonperseverative errors on the OA task.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of the relationship between rule knowledge and error types.

    • Main Results:

    • Perseverative and nonperseverative errors in the OA task are directly controlled by task-specific knowledge.
    • Impaired rule induction, not solely impaired response inhibition, contributes to poor OA task performance in alcohol dependence.
    • Successful response selection and inhibition are contingent upon prior rule induction.

    Conclusions:

    • Cognitive deficits in rule induction significantly impact performance on the object alternation task in alcohol dependence.
    • Findings suggest a need to consider rule induction deficits in clinical assessments of prefrontal function.
    • Implications for understanding performance on other delayed response tasks and tests like the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Halstead Category Test.