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Microbial transformations

H L Holland1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada. holland@chemiris.labs.brocku.ca

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
|July 17, 1998
PubMed
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Whole-cell biocatalysts are advancing chemical synthesis through oxygenase reactions, reductions, and hydrolysis. Methodological innovations like immobilization and non-aqueous solvents are expanding their applications in producing valuable compounds.

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Industrial Microbiology
  • Chemical Synthesis

Background:

  • Microbial biocatalysts have a long history in chemical reactions, predating isolated enzyme applications.
  • Whole-cell catalysts represent a continuously developing area within biocatalysis.
  • Their use is expanding beyond traditional applications into areas like drug metabolite and carbohydrate production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the ongoing advancements in whole-cell biocatalyst applications.
  • To showcase the expanding scope of microbial transformations in chemical synthesis.
  • To emphasize the role of methodological developments in enhancing biocatalyst utility.

Main Methods:

  • Application of whole-cell biocatalysts for specific reaction types (oxygenase-catalyzed, reductions, hydrolysis).

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  • Utilizing microbial transformations for the synthesis of drug metabolites, carbohydrates, and amino acids.
  • Implementing novel methodological developments, including immobilization techniques and non-aqueous solvents.

    • Main Results:

    • Continued progress in oxygenase-catalyzed reactions, carbonyl and nitro group reductions, and nitrile/epoxide hydrolysis using whole-cell systems.
    • Expanding use of microbial transformations for producing complex molecules like drug metabolites, carbohydrates, and amino acids.
    • Enhanced utility of microbial biocatalysts through innovative immobilization and non-aqueous solvent strategies.

    Conclusions:

    • Whole-cell biocatalysis remains a dynamic field with significant ongoing development.
    • Methodological innovations are crucial for expanding the efficiency and applicability of microbial catalysts.
    • Microbial transformations offer versatile and expanding solutions for chemical synthesis and production.