The dark side of dioxygen biochemistry

The cellular biochemistry of dioxygen is Janus-faced. The good side includes numerous enzyme-catalyzed reactions of dioxygen that occur in respiration and normal metabolism, while the dark side encompasses deleterious reactions of species derived from dioxygen that lead to damage of cellular components. These reactive oxygen species have historically been perceived almost exclusively as agents of the dark side, but it has recently become clear that they play beneficial roles as well.