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Sphingolipids as receptor modulators. An overview

A J Yates1, A Rampersaud

  • 1Division of Neuropathology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA. ayates@pop.service.ohio-state.edu

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|July 21, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Glycosphingolipids, crucial cell surface molecules, act as receptors for microbes and toxins. They also regulate various cell signaling pathways by interacting with growth factor and other receptors.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Glycosphingolipids are amphipathic molecules located in the plasma membrane.
  • Their extracellular oligosaccharide chains are positioned for interaction with external ligands and receptors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of glycosphingolipids in mediating cellular interactions and signal transduction.
  • To explore how specific glycosphingolipids function as receptors and modulate receptor activity.

Main Methods:

  • Binding studies were conducted to identify specific ligand-glycolipid interactions.
  • Modulation of receptor activity by various glycosphingolipids was assessed.

Main Results:

  • Specific glycolipids serve as receptors for microorganisms and bacterial toxins.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Gangliosides modulate tyrosine kinase receptors, including EGFR, FGFR, PDGFR, and TrkA.
  • GM1 enhances nerve growth factor signaling, while various gangliosides inhibit insulin receptor activity.
  • GM1 also modulates beta(1)-adrenergic and delta-opioid receptors.

    • Conclusions:

    • Glycosphingolipids play a significant role in mediating cellular recognition and communication.
    • These molecules act as critical coordinators of multiple receptor functions, influencing diverse signaling pathways.