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Psychoneuroendocrinology of children and adolescents
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennyslvania, USA.
The Psychiatric Clinics of North America
|July 22, 1998
Abstract:
This article reviews psychoneuroendocrinologic approaches to the understanding of internalizing disorders (depression and anxiety disorders) and externalizing disorders. This article discusses three specific psychoneuroendocrine systems: measures of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, measure of the serotonergic function, and measures of the growth-hormone (GH) response to pharmacologic challenge. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is the main system; understanding this system may reveal information on the permissive and etiologic relationship of stress to psychiatric disorder.