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Related Experiment Videos

Discrimination between transmissible gastroenteritis virus isolates

D Paton1, P Lowings

  • 1Virology Department, Central Veterinary Laboratory (Weybridge), Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Addlestone, Surrey, U.K.

Archives of Virology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Sequencing the S gene of Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus (TGEV) revealed genetic variations among isolates. Recent European TGEV strains showed significant differences from older types, highlighting the need for more data to understand evolutionary trends.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Coronaviridae Research

Background:

  • Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus (TGEV) is a significant pathogen in swine.
  • The S (Spike) gene of coronaviruses is known for its variability and is crucial for viral entry and host tropism.
  • Previous studies indicated significant differences in the S gene among various coronavirus species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the genetic diversity of TGEV isolates using nucleotide sequencing of a specific S gene region.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of nucleotide sequence analysis versus monoclonal antibody typing for TGEV discrimination.
  • To investigate potential evolutionary trends and genetic stability within TGEV populations.

Main Methods:

  • Amplification of a 393-414 nucleotide fragment from the 5' end of the TGEV S gene using Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Nucleotide sequence analysis of the amplified S gene fragments from twenty TGEV isolates.
  • Comparison of sequence data with results from monoclonal antibody typing.

    • Main Results:

    • Nucleotide sequence analysis successfully clustered TGEV isolates into distinct groups.
    • Recent TGEV isolates from England, The Netherlands, and Belgium exhibited greater genetic divergence compared to earlier reference strains.
    • Some isolates displayed nucleotide deletions and insertions, including a 14-nucleotide sequence identical to a region of the TGEV polymerase gene.
    • Not all viruses with unique isolation histories were genetically distinct, suggesting possible laboratory contamination or recurrent introduction of similar strains.

    Conclusions:

    • Nucleotide sequencing of the S gene provides a valuable method for discriminating TGEV isolates.
    • Recent European TGEV strains show evidence of genetic evolution or introduction of divergent lineages.
    • Further studies with a larger number of isolates and known epidemiological links are necessary to definitively establish evolutionary trends in TGEV.