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A comparison of different filters for white cell reduction
1Department of Pediatrics, Social Security Tepecik Teaching Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
|July 23, 1998
Summary
Leukocyte removal filters reduce white blood cells (WBCs) in blood components, preventing transfusion reactions. Fourth-generation filters, especially Pall RC XL-1, show superior WBC depletion, making them effective for polytransfused patients.
Area of Science:
- Transfusion Medicine
- Immunology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Leukocyte-associated transfusion reactions can be prevented by removing white blood cells (WBCs) using filters.
- Filters with at least 3 log10 WBC depletion aim to prevent HLA alloimmunization, febrile reactions, and transmitted infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the leukocyte removal efficiency (LRE) of six commercial bedside filters.
- To evaluate filters claiming 3 log10 and 4 log10 WBC depletion.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed 430 units of whole blood using an automated counter before and after filtration.
- Assessed postfiltration WBCs using a Nageotte chamber.
Main Results:
- All filters showed approximately 1 log10 less WBC removal than claimed by manufacturers.
- Fourth-generation filters outperformed third-generation filters.
- Pall RC XL-1 demonstrated the highest efficacy (99.93% WBC removal) with a median of 1.6 x 10(6) residual WBCs per unit.
Conclusions:
- Fourth-generation filters, like Pall RC XL-1, effectively reduce WBCs in whole blood below the critical antigenic load.
- These filters can be utilized for polytransfused patients to prevent alloimmunization.